The digestive tract is vulnerable to infection by many different types of pathogenic microorganisms through ingestions. While the stomach's acidic environment acts as a significant barrier against many microorganisms, some microorganisms, particularly those with specialized adaptations, can still survive and even thrive in this harsh condition, especially when a large quantity enters the stomach. These microorganisms can also cause intestinal infections when they move to the intestines along with the food. Common digestive tract infections include bacteria such as H. Pylori, E. coli, Clostridium difficile, and Staphylococcus aureus, viruses such as norovirus, rotavirus, and adenovirus, fungi or mold such as Candida albicans, and Histoplasma as well as protozoan parasites like Giardia and Cryptosporidium. Common symptoms of digestive tract infections include diarrhea or constipation, nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps, abdominal pain, chills or fever, fatigue and bloody stools. In severe conditions, the infected bacteria form biofilm and become resistant to the treatment of antibiotic causing ulceration in the digestive tract.

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